Defining mindfulness is challenging. Many definitions lack precision. Shinzen Young, an American mindfulness teacher, created his own system of mindfulness known as Unified Mindfulness with its own uniquely useful definition of the term.
Defining Mindfulness with Shinzen Young
Shinzen created a brilliant definition by defining mindfulness as three attentional skills all working together: concentration power, sensory clarity, and equanimity.
Although this definition requires some explanation, understanding these three skills makes the benefits of mindfulness more accessible.
Mindfulness practice develops mindful awareness. Shinzen removes the vagueness of that statement by discussing mindfulness practice in terms of the skills that it develops.
Developing Concentration Power
First, concentration power is the ability to focus on what you consider relevant. This skill allows you to stay focused and be less distractible. Everyone has experienced deep focus that felt pleasant and increased productivity, as well as the opposite feeling of being scattered unproductive.
For instance, you might remember trying to read a book and found yourself reading the same passage repeatedly because you kept getting lost in thought. Increased concentration power allows you to stay focused on your reading. You build concentration power any time you intentionally focus on something and set distractions aside. Like any skill, the more you practice, the better you become.
Enhancing Sensory Clarity
Developing concentration supports the other skills. Sensory clarity is the ability to track and explore our experience in real time. This skill enables you to be aware of what’s happening at any given moment. Clarity allows you to detect subtler experiences and separate the individual sensory components of an experience, making it less solid and more manageable.
For example, when you feel overwhelmed by stress, sensory clarity lets you to identify the specific sensations and thoughts that make up that stress. When the parts are separated, they stop feeding each other and you feel relief.
Gaining Insight Through Clarity
Additionally, clarity can also lead to insights. We begin to see our experiences for what they truly are, rather than confusing our thoughts about them with reality. From a Buddhist perspective, sensory clarity helps us see the true nature of our experiences. It allows us to recognize that our experiences are always changing (impermanence), don’t bring lasting satisfaction (unsatisfactoriness), and don’t define who we are (emptiness). Gaining insight into these aspects of experience can lead to liberation.
Cultivating Equanimity
Concentration and clarity partner with equanimity. Equanimity is the ability to allow our sense experience to come and go without push or pull. We train equanimity when we welcome all sensations into our meditation, whether perceived as good, bad, or indifferent.
Equanimity helps us find balance in our reactions to experiences. Instead of resisting or clinging to our experiences, we learn to let them flow freely, reducing our suffering. This balanced attitude enables us to face life’s ups and downs with greater ease and maintain focus and courage in our mindfulness practice. This skill liberates us from constantly needing to change things or seek comfort, allowing us to find ease in living within any conditions.
Applying Equanimity in Daily Life
Imagine you’re stuck in a traffic jam, feeling frustrated and impatient. These feelings show up as sensations in your body, such as tightness in your chest or tension in your shoulders. There may be mental talk about how terrible the situation is. By practicing equanimity, you can learn to accept these sensations without resistance, which prevents them from overwhelming you. When you experience these emotions and thoughts with equanimity, they can release their energy and hold on you, helping you return to a calm state. This balanced attitude helps you stay even and focused, making the experience more tolerable.
How Equanimity Supports Other Skills
An attitude of equanimity not only enhances your experience but also boosts the development of concentration and clarity. With less resistance and reactivity, you can stay focused without avoidance and courageously explore the true nature of your experiences without fear or aversion holding you back.
Equanimity: Experience vs. Situations
It’s essential to distinguish equanimity in our experience from resignation to objective situations. Mindfulness training doesn’t imply passively accepting everything that happens or disregarding the world around us. Instead, it enables us to confront our reactions to situations with clarity and non-resistance. By letting go of the struggle against our experiences, we can tackle challenges with greater wisdom and compassion for ourselves and others.
Understanding the Power of Mindfulness
Defining mindfulness as the interconnected attentional skills of concentration, clarity, and equanimity helps us better comprehend mindfulness’s transformative power in how we perceive and relate to life experiences. Recognizing the individual skills and their benefits answers the question, “Why would I want to practice mindfulness?” It cultivates your ability to focus, see things accurately, and live a more effortless life by mastering the art of non-resistance.
Staying Motivated in Your Practice
A skill development approach to mindfulness practice also encourages practitioners to maintain their training in the long run. Even without experiencing significant, obvious shifts in consciousness, maintaining awareness that each practice session strengthens your skills can keep you motivated. Any mindfulness technique helps develop these skills. You can practice any technique you enjoy for at least ten minutes on most days. You can start with the Core training at UnifiedMindfulness.com/core, or connect with a Unified Mindfulness coach like myself.